PROJECTS

The following is a summary of research conducted by SRB&A:

2023 Determination of Eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places - Brower Tar Barrel Revetment
(North Slope Borough) – in progress. Under contract to Umiaq Environmental, SRB&A is conducting a literature review, archival research, and consultation to prepare a Section 106 report that includes a determination of eligibility (DOE) recommendation for the Brower Tar Barrel Revetment (BAR-00141) located at Simmonds Hill Beach in Utqiagvik, Alaska.

2023 Alaska PLO ANCSA 17(d)(1) Withdrawals EIS
(Bureau of Land Management) – in progress. Under contract to SWCA, SRB&A is responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources sections of this EIS for the proposed opening of lands subject to ANCSA 17(d)(1) withdrawals, including lands within the Bay, Bering Sea-Western Interior, East Alaska, Kobuk-Seward Peninsula, and Ring of Fire Planning Areas Alaska. SRB&A is also assisting in the preparation of the ANILCA 810 analysis and development of a Programmatic Agreement (PA) under Section 106.

2023 King Salmon Telecommunication Tower
(AT&T Alascom) – in progress. Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A is addressing the Section 106 requirements for an existing satellite ground station located in King Salmon, Alaska. This includes using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2022-23  Tok Cutoff Fiber Optic Project
(Copper Valley Telecom Cooperative) – in progress. Under contract to TempTel, Inc., SRB&A is conducting a Section 106 cultural resources literature review and recommendations for new and existing fiber segments located along the Tok Cutoff between mileposts 8-80 and within the Slana community area.

2022-23  Aktigiruq and Anarraaq Exploration Project
(Teck) – in progress. Under contract to Teck, SRB&A is conducting cultural resource surveys and associated reporting for drilling locations associated with mineral exploration near Red Dog Mine, Alaska.

2022-23 ANC FedEx Project
(FedEx) – in progress. Under contract to RS&H, SRB&A is conducting a Section 106 cultural resources literature review, pedestrian survey, and report for a development project at the Anchorage International Airport.

2022-23 AT&T Moose Pass to Cooper Landing Fiber Optic Project
(AT&T) – in progress. Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A is conducting a Section 106 cultural resources literature review, recommendations, pedestrian survey, and report for a 20-mile fiber optic project between Moose Pass and Cooper Landing, Alaska.

2022-23 Archaeological Monitoring for New Internet Connections for Everyone in Yakutat Project
(Cordova Telecom Cooperative) – in progress. Under contract to CTC, SRB&A is conducting Section 106 archaeological monitoring along select fiber optic routes in Yakutat, Alaska.

2022-23 Coastal Plain Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS)
(Bureau of Land Management) - in progress. Under contract to EMPSi, SRB&A is responsible for the subsistence, cultural resources, and sociocultural sections of this SEIS for the proposed oil and gas leasing of land within the ANWR on the North Slope of Alaska.

2021-23 Manh Choh Project
(Kinross) – in progress. Under contract to Kinross, SRB&A is conducting a subsistence literature review and subsistence mapping and household harvest survey fieldwork to provide baseline information for Kinross’ permitting requirements for the Manh Choh Project located in Tetlin, Alaska.

2021-23 Willow Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS)
(Bureau of Land Management) – in progress. Under subcontract to DOWL, SRB&A is responsible for the subsistence and sociocultural portions of this supplemental EIS for the proposed oil development project near Nuiqsut, Alaska.

2020-23  Incorporating Indigenous Knowledge of Northern and Southern Beaufort Sea Polar Bears into an Integrated Population Model
(Wildlife Management Advisory Council [Northwest Territories], North Slope Borough, Wildlife Management Advisory Council [North Slope], Environment and Climate Change Canada) – in progress. Under contract to the four above organizations, SRB&A and Eric Regehr are contracted to develop a method for incorporating indigenous knowledge (IK) into an integrated population model (IPM) for Southern Beaufort (SB) and Northern Beaufort (SB) polar bear subpopulations located in Alaska and Canada. This project included a workshop in Inuvik, Canada to incorporate IK from six Inuvialuit communities into a forthcoming SB and NB IPM.

2020-23 Subsistence 10 Year Mapping Study in Wainwright
(North Slope Borough) – in progress. Under contract to the NSB Department of Wildlife, SRB&A is conducting a subsistence mapping study in Wainwright to document subsistence use areas and associated information for the time period of 2011-2020.

2008-23  Nuiqsut Caribou Subsistence Monitoring Project
(ConocoPhillips Alaska, Inc.) – in progress. SRB&A is in the 15th year of conducting a Nuiqsut Caribou Subsistence Monitoring Project associated with the Alpine Satellite Development Program to monitor hunter harvest activity, harvest experiences, hunter understanding of observed change, and impacts on caribou hunting.

2022       Valdez Towers
(City of Valdez). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A is addressed the Section 106 requirements for two new telecommunication towers and one collocation in Valdez, Alaska. This included using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2022       Yakutat Telecommunication Tower
(Cordova Telecom Cooperative). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A addressed the Section 106 requirements for a new tower construction located in Yakutat, Alaska. This included using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2022       West Susitna Access Project
(Alaska Industrial Development and Export Authority). Under contract to HDR, SRB&A provided two field archaeologists to assist HDR in cultural resource surveys of the proposed access road and material sites.

2022       Archaeological Monitoring for Replacement of Chilkoot Overnight Parking Area (National Park Service). Under contract to AMES 1, LLC, SRB&A conducted Section 106 archaeological monitoring of upgrades to the Chilkoot Overnight Parking Area located in the National Park Services’ (NPS) Klondike Gold Rush National Historic Park (KLGO) in Dyea, Alaska.

2021-22 New Internet Connections for Everyone in Yakutat (NICEY) Project
(USDA Rural Utility Service). Under contract to Cordova Telecom Cooperative, Inc., SRB&A conducted a Section 106 cultural resources literature review, recommendations, fieldwork, and reporting for six proposed towers located between Cordova and Yakutat.

2021-22  CEA Telecommunication Tower
(Chugach Electric Association). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for a proposed new tower located in Anchorage, Alaska. This included using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2021-22 Nushagak Fiber - Levelock to Dillingham
(USDA Rural Utility Service). Under contract to TempTel, Inc., SRB&A conducted a Section 106 cultural resources literature review, recommendations, pedestrian survey, consultation, and report for the approximate 72-mile fiber optic cable from Levelock to Aleknagik, Alaska.

2021 Chenega Microwave Feasibility Project
(USDA Rural Utility Service). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A conducted a cultural resource environmental review related to six existing/proposed towers located in Prince William Sound for the purpose of bringing broadband high-speed internet to Chenega, Alaska.

2021 Kake Access Road Project
(Alaska DOT&PF). Under contract to PND Engineers, SRB&A conducted archaeological monitoring of a proposed boat launch associated with the Kake Access Road Project on Kupreanof Island in Southeast, Alaska

2021 Anaktuvuk Water & Sewer Project
(North Slope Borough). Under contract to Umiaq Environmental, SRB&A conducted a cultural resources literature review, recommendations, fieldwork, and reporting for the Anaktuvuk Pass Water and Sewer Project.

2021 Saint Mary's Airport Improvement
(Alaska DOT&PF). Under contract to DOWL, SRB&A conducted a cultural resources literature review, pedestrian field survey, and report preparation for a material site, corridor, and barge landing in Marshall, Alaska associated with the Saint Mary’s Airport Improvements.

2021 AU-Aleutians Fiber-Optic Project
(GCI). Under contract to DOWL, SRB&A conducted a cultural resources literature review and recommendations for the terrestrial environment portion of the Project to support the PA development and any future findings of effect related to fiber-optic installation within six rural communities along the Kodiak and Aleutian archipelagos (Larsen Bay, Chignik, Sand Point, King Cove, Akutan, and Unalaska).

2020-21  Big Lake Fire Station Telecommunication Tower
(Mat-Su Borough). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A is completing the Section 106 requirements for a new tower construction located in Big Lake. This included using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2020-21  Danger Point Trail
(City of Angoon). Under contract to KAE, Inc., SRB&A is providing the archaeological services needed to complete the NEPA EA analysis for an 0.6 mile trail extension in Angoon, Alaska. This work will also address the requirements of Section 106 of the NHPA, which includes a field survey, and if necessary, recommendations regarding DOEs for the NRHP and assessment of effects.

2018-21  Hawk Inlet Ethnographic Study
(Hecla Greens Creek Mining Company). Under contract to Hecla, SRB&A conducted a literature review and data gap assessment to describe the traditional, historic, and contemporary uses of Hawk Inlet and Hawk Inlet Cannery on Admiralty Island in Southeast Alaska. SRB&A is currently conducting fieldwork to address identified data gaps and to produce a final report.

2020       Jim’s Landing Boat Launch Access and Parking Improvements
(U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). Under contract to PND Engineers, Inc., SRB&A conducted a literature review to describe the environmental, prehistoric, historic, and ethnographic context of the area; summarize previous cultural resource surveys within the vicinity of the project; and identify existing AHRS sites located within the Survey Area. SRB&A also conducted a field survey and made recommendations regarding eligibility to the National Register for any identified cultural resources to address the requirements of Section 106 for the project.

2020 Tanana River Recreation Access Improvements
(Federal Highway Administration). Under contract to PND Engineers, Inc., SRB&A conducted a Section 106 literature review to describe the environmental, prehistoric, historic, and ethnographic context of the area; summarize previous cultural resource surveys within the vicinity of the project; and identify existing AHRS sites located within a one mile radius (Study Area) of the Project’s APE. SRB&A is also conducted a field survey of the direct APE with recommendation regarding eligibility to the National Register for any identified cultural resources.

2020   Multiple Telecommunication Towers in Fairbanks, Delta Jct., and Kenai
(Alaska Communications System). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for multiple proposed towers located in the Kenai Peninsula and Interior areas of Alaska. This includes using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2020 New Internet Connections for Everyone in Yakutat Project
(Cordova Telecom Cooperative). Under contract to CTC, SRB&A assisted in the Section 106 review of seven proposed towers located between Cordova and Yakutat in addition to 17.3 miles of proposed fiber optic routes in Yakutat to deliver broadband internet service to over 350 locations in Yakutat.

2020 Connecting Anchorage Trail Improvements Project
(Federal Highway Administration). Under contract to PND Engineers, Inc., SRB&A conducted a Section 106 literature review to describe the environmental, prehistoric, historic, and ethnographic context of the area; summarize previous cultural resource surveys within the vicinity of the project; and identify existing AHRS sites located within a one mile radius (Study Area) of the Project’s APE. SRB&A also conducted a field survey of the direct APE with recommendation regarding eligibility to the National Register for identified cultural resources.

2020 ACS Parks Highway Fiber Optic Cable Project
(Alaska Communications). Under contract to TempTel, Inc., SRB&A conducted a literature review and recommendations to address the Section 106 requirements for ACS’ proposed installation of a fiber optic cable (FOC) along the George Parks Highway (Parks Highway) between mileposts 285 and 305 from Anderson to the village of Nenana, Alaska.

2019-20  NPR-A IAP EIS
(Bureau of Land Management). Under contract to EMPSi, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence, cultural resources, and sociocultural sections of this EIS for the proposed oil and gas leasing of land within the NPR-A on the North Slope of Alaska. SRB&A also assisted in the preparation of the ANILCA 810 analysis.

2019-20 Anarraaq and Aktigiruq Exploration Project
(Teck American, Incorporated). Under contract to TAI, SRB&A provided Section 106 support for the Project including a cultural resource literature review and an analysis of a potential historic district within the Project permit area.

2019-20  Shelly Telecommunication Tower
(Alaska Communications). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for a proposed collocation on a tower located in Delta Junction. This includes using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2018-20  Pebble Project Baseline Update
(Pebble Limited Partnership). Under contract to Pebble Limited Partnership (PLP), SRB&A was responsible for assisting PLP in providing subsistence and cultural resource information in support of baseline, NEPA, and Section 106 processes related to PLP’s re-initiation of permitting applications for the Pebble Project.

2018-20  Willow Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
(Bureau of Land Management). Under subcontract to DOWL, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and sociocultural portions of this EIS for the proposed oil development project near Nuiqsut, Alaska. SRB&A also assisted in the preparation of the ANILCA 810 analysis.

2018-20  Greens Creek Mine Expansion
(Hecla Greens Creek Mining Company). Under contract to McDowell Group, SRB&A conducted cultural resource surveys and subsequent Section 106 reporting for proposed expansion of Greens Creek Mine facilities on Admiralty Island in Southeast Alaska.

2017-20 Ambler Road EIS
(Bureau of Land Management). Under contract to HDR, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence portion of BLM’s EIS related to the Alaska Industrial Development and Export Authority’s (AIDEA) proposed Ambler Access Project in Interior Alaska.

2019  Toolik Lake Priority Area 2 Archaeological Survey
(CH2M Polar Field Services). Under contract to CH2M Polar Field Services, SRB&A planned and executed an archaeological survey in BLM’s Priority Area 2 east of the Toolik Lake Field Station in the Arctic Foothills and prepared a detailed report and associated spatial dataset for submittal to BLM.

2019  Cordova to Yakutat Microwave Radio Systems Project (Cordova Telecom Cooperative). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A initiated the process of completing the Section 106 requirements for seven proposed towers located between Cordova and Yakutat. This includes using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2019  AlCan ONE Fiber Optic Cable Project
(MTA Fiber Holdings LLC). Under contract to MTA Fiber Holdings LLC, SRB&A conducted a Section 106 literature review and reporting of selected AHRS site revisits along MTAFH’s proposed fiber optic alignment between Fairbanks and the Canadian border.

2019  Crater Lake Tower
(New Horizons Telecom Inc.). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for a proposed tower located Cordova. This includes using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2019  Ten Kenai Telecommunication Towers
(Alaska Communications). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for 10 proposed towers (Lake Marie, Solar Avenue, Mario, Cohoe Loop, North Fork Road, K-Beach, Duke Street, Cache, Miller Loop Road, and Anchor Point) located in the Kenai Peninsula. This includes using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2019  Latouche Tower
(Cordova Telecom Cooperative). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for a proposed tower located on Latouche Island. This included using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2018-19  Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program EIS
(Bureau of Land Management). Under contract to EMPSi, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence, cultural resources, and sociocultural sections of this EIS for the proposed oil and gas leasing of land within the ANWR on the North Slope of Alaska. SRB&A also assisted in the preparation of the ANILCA 810 analysis and the development of a programmatic agreement to address the requirements of Section 106.

2018-19  Greater Prudhoe Bay 3D Seismic Project
(SAExploration, Inc.). Under contract to SAExploration, Inc., SRB&A conducted a literature review, wide-area aerial reconnaissance, targeted pedestrian survey including subsurface testing, and reporting for a proposed 3D Seismic project within the Prudhoe Bay unit of the North Slope.

 2018-19  Toolik Lake Priority Area 1 Archaeological Survey
(CH2M Polar Field Services). Under contract to CH2M Polar Field Services, SRB&A prepared a detailed historic context, planned and executed an archaeological survey in BLM’s Priority Area 1 surrounding the Toolik Lake Field Station in the Arctic Foothills, and prepared a detailed report and associated spatial dataset for submittal to BLM.

2018-19  Kuukpik 3D Seismic Project
(SAExploration, Inc.). Under contract to SAExploration, Inc., SRB&A conducted a literature review, wide-area aerial reconnaissance, targeted pedestrian survey including subsurface testing, and reporting for a proposed 3D Seismic project near the Colville River.

2017-19  Yukon-Kuskokwim Freight and Energy Corridor, Stage III
(Association of Village Council Presidents). Under subcontract to DOWL, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources baseline literature review and data gap analysis related to AVCP’s proposed freight and energy corridor project located in Southwest Alaska.

2016-19  Synthesizing AIS Ship Tracking Data, GNOME Oil Spill Model Results
(National Academy of Sciences). Under contract to AOOS, SRB&A compiled marine subsistence use area information from the communities of Utqiagvik, Nuiqsut, and Kaktovik for inclusion in AOOS’ spill model assessment designed to create a unique interactive tool to aid research and planning in coastal communities bordering the Alaska Beaufort Sea.

2015-19  Nuiqsut Paisaŋich Update
(City of Nuiqsut). Under contract to the Nuiqsut City Council, SRB&A worked with the community of Nuiqsut conducting ethnographic and cultural resources research and public outreach to update the Nuiqsut Paisaŋich, a document describing the Nuiqsut Cultural Landscape.

2018       Revised Tazlina Bike and Pedestrian Pathway Project
(Federal Highway Administration). Under contract to PND Engineers, Inc., SRB&A conducted a Section 106 survey of 45 design modifications located outside of the original APE for the 10 ft wide bike and pedestrian pathway of a Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) sponsored 11-mile proposed pathway between Copper Center and Glennallen, Alaska.

2018  Copper Valley Telecom Delta-North Pole Fiber Optic Project
(Copper Valley Telecom). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A conducted a cultural resource literature review and an identification level survey of CVT’s proposed fiber optic alignment along the Richardson Highway between Delta Junction and North Pole, Alaska.

2018  Eklutna Telecommunication Tower
(Chugach Electric Association). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for a proposed tower located in the Mat-Su Borough. This included using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2018  Nine Kenai Telecommunication Towers
(Alaska Communications). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for nine proposed towers located in the Kenai Peninsula. This included using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2018  Polar Bear TEK Pilot Study
(North Slope Borough). Under contract to the North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management, SRB&A is conducting a pilot traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) study to collect relevant TEK about polar bears, which can be integrated into the integrated population model and harvest risk assessment and which will inform future management decisions.  

2017-18 Willow EED
(ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc.). Under contract to HDR, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence portion of CPAI’s environmental evaluation document (EED) related to the proposed Willow development west of Nuiqsut, Alaska.

2017-18  Site Reconnaissance Fort Glenn CON/HTRW
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). Under contract to ChemTrack, SRB&A is conducted an archaeological survey and subsequent Section 106 reporting at selected locations of Fort Glen Formerly Used Defense Site (FUDS) on Umnak Island, Alaska.

2017-18  Groundhog Project
(Chuchuna Minerals Company). Under contract to Alaska Earth Science (AES), SRB&A conducted cultural resource surveys of drilling locations associated with mineral exploration near Nondalton, Alaska.

2017-18  Greater Mooses Tooth 2 Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) (Bureau of Land Management). Under contract to ConocoPhillips Alaska, SRB&A prepared the affected environment for the subsistence chapter of the Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM) GMT2 SEIS. SRB&A also provided review and input on the environmental consequences and ANILCA 810 finding.

2016-18  Nanushuk Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). Under subcontract to DOWL, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence portion of this EIS for the proposed oil development project near Nuiqsut, Alaska.

2015-18  Bowhead Whale Sharing Project
(NOAA/NMFS). Under subcontract to the AEWC, SRB&A is conducting research on the sharing of bowhead whales by Alaska Eskimo whaling communities to non-whaling communities and exploring whether the current quota systems allows for adequate harvest opportunities. This project includes a literature review and analysis of existing literature in addition to interviews with whaling captains and crew members in selected whaling communities.

2014-18      Alaska Stand Alone Pipeline Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS)
(Alaska Gasline Development Corporation). Under subcontract to ERM Alaska, Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources and subsistence portions of this SEIS in addition to assisting in the development of a Section 106 programmatic agreement (PA) for the project.

2016-17  Rasmussen-Kennedy-Alsworth Complex
(National Park Service). Under contract to the NPS, SRB&A conducted an archaeological investigation and subsequent report describing the presence of intact archaeological materials that may be eligible for the National Register of Historic Place (NRHP) at the Rasmussen-Kennedy-Alsworth complex along Lake Clark, Alaska.

2016-17  Copper Valley Telecom Richardson Highway Fiber Optic Project
(Copper Valley Telecom). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A conducted a literature review and identification level survey of CVT’s proposed fiber optic alignment. Additionally, due to CVT’s request for a phased approach to installation, SRB&A developed a Section 106 memorandum of agreement (MOA) between the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Army Garrison Fort Wainwright Alaska (USAG FW), and U.S. Army Garrison Fort Greely Alaska (USAG FG) allowing for construction to begin immediately in portions of the Project not identified for cultural resources surveys.

2016-17  Ecological Atlas of the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas
(Audubon). Under contract to Audubon, SRB&A prepared shapefiles of marine subsistence uses from the North Slope communities of Point Hope, Point Lay, Wainwright, Barrow, Nuiqsut, and Kaktovik for inclusion in Audubon’s Ecological Atlas of the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas. SRB&A also provided technical review of draft maps and tests associated with the atlas.

2016-17  Tazlina Bike and Pedestrian Pathway Project
(Federal Highway Administration). Under contract to PND Engineers, Inc., SRB&A conducted a Section 106 identification-level survey and NRHP eligibility determinations within a Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) sponsored 11-mile proposed pathway between Copper Center and Glennallen, Alaska.

2016-17  Nuiqsut Spatial Analysis
(Nature Conservancy). Under contract to the Nature Conservancy, SRB&A analyzed Nuiqsut subsistence use area data from SRB&A 2010 to develop a harvester weighted index (100m grid x number of harvesters), one per resource category, for input into the Nature Conservancy’s development of a Regional Mitigation Strategy (RMS) for the northeast portion of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPR-A). SRB&A’s deliverable for this project consisted of an aggregated data table by resource category showing harvester related variables by Public Land Survey System (PLSS) one-mile-square sections within specific management zones of the NPR-A.

2016-17  ANC AFM Storage Yard Expansion
(Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities). Under contract to Restoration Science & Engineering, LLC, SRB&A conducted a cultural resource review and pedestrian survey of the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities’ (ADOT&PF) approximate 16-acre expansion of an existing airport field storage yard located near Lake Hood in Anchorage, Alaska.

2015-17  Quintillion Subsea Project
(Quintillion Subsea Operations, LLC). Under subcontract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A coordinated and executed Section 106 cultural resources surveys and reporting aspects of Quintillion’s Subsea Project. The project involved the placement of approximately 800 miles of subsea fiber optic trunk line with six terrestrial branch lines to Barrow, Kotzebue, Nome, Oliktok Point, Point Hope, and Wainwright.

2011-17 Social Indicators in Coastal Alaska: Arctic Communities
(BOEM). Under contract to BOEM, SRB&A identified set of key social domains and indicators that will facilitate the monitoring of changes in human well-being in coastal communities of the North Slope. Working with local communities and BOEM, the study team is designing a social indicators survey to be implemented in six North Slope communities (Kaktovik, Nuiqsut, Barrow, Wainwright, Point Lay, and Point Hope).

2016       Prudhoe Bay Unit Fiber Project
(New Horizons Telecom Inc.). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A conducted a literature review to identify previously documented cultural resources that existed within the vicinity of the proposed fiber optic project near Prudhoe Bay, present a list of previous cultural resource survey efforts, and provide NHTI with an inadvertent discovery protocol.

2016       CEA Tower Exemption
(New Horizons Telecom Inc.). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A prepared a letter report for Chugach Electric Association’s proposed telecommunication tower modification which recommended the project qualified as an undertaking excluded from Section 106 review.

2016       Five New Telecommunication Towers
(New Horizons Telecom Inc.). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom Inc. (NHTI), SRB&A completed the Section 106 requirements for five proposed towers located in the Susitna River valley. This included using the FCC’s Tower Construction Notification System (TCNS) and the FCC’s e106 online submission system.

2016       King Mountain Lodge Material Site
(King Mountain Lodge, LLC). Under contract to a private entity, SRB&A conducted a cultural resources literature review and field survey to assess the effects of a proposed 2 acre material site located near the King Mountain Lodge on any historic properties that may be present. SRB&A’s review and field survey did not identify any significant cultural resources and recommended a determination of “No Historic Properties Affected” for the proposed material site.

2016       Toolik-Kuparuk 2D Seismic Project
(SAExploration, Inc.). Under contract to SAExploration, SRB&A prepared and submitted to the North Slope Borough a Form 500 Certificate of Traditional Land Use Inventory Clearance to allow SAExploration to conduct their proposed 2D seismic data acquisition project.

2016       Hilcorp Greystone Pad
(Hilcorp Alaska, LLC). Under contract to Hilcorp Alaska, LLC, SRB&A conducted a Section 106 review of know cultural resources data for a proposed gravel pad located on land owned by the Ninilchik Natives Association, Inc. Hilcorp requested the review in anticipation of submittal of a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Pre-Construction Notification under the terms of the Nationwide Permit system. SRB&A’s review found that no known cultural resources would be impacted by the proposed project, and that the area of the proposed pad has been subject to past disturbance (logging).

2015-16  Shadura 3D Seismic Project
(SAExploration, Inc.). Under contract to SAE, SRB&A conducted a Section 106 literature review, landscape analysis, and field investigation in support of a 3D Seismic project being conducted within the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge.

2015-16  Dalton Highway Fiber Optic Project
(Quintillion Networks, LLC). Under subcontract to New Horizons Telecom, Inc., SRB&A is conducting cultural resources research and fieldwork in support of Quintillion’s Terrestrial broadband program in Alaska to bring high-speed internet connectivity to economic hubs on Alaska’s North Slope. SRB&A’s work was conducted to satisfy regulatory compliance with the Archaeological Resources Protection Act and Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, and included literature reviews, field surveys, and reporting of results to federal and state regulators.

2013-16 Alaska LNG 2014 Studies
(ExxonMobil Alaska Production, Inc.). Under subcontract to URS Corporation/AECOM, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and traditional knowledge studies for the proposed Alaska LNG Project in anticipation of future Federal Energy Regulatory Commission permitting requirements. In addition to compiling existing subsistence and traditional knowledge data for 62 study communities, SRB&A conducted subsistence mapping and traditional knowledge workshops in over 20 communities potentially affected by the proposed project.

2012-16 Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project
(Alaska Energy Authority). Under contract to HDR Alaska, Inc., SRB&A conducted subsistence and traditional knowledge baseline studies to provide information that will serve as the basis for compliance with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission’s and other state and federal agencies permitting obligations. SRB&A conducted traditional and local knowledge workshops in seven communities (Cantwell, Eklutna, Tyonek, Gulkana, Gakona, Copper Center, and Chitina) and is projected to conduct subsistence mapping and TK interviews in eight communities (Cantwell, Chase, Healy, Lake Louise, McKinley Park, Petersville, Talkeetna, and Trapper Creek).

2010-16  Aqqaluk Cultural Sites Monitoring
(Teck Alaska Incorporated). Under contract to Teck Alaska Incorporated, SRB&A provided annual monitoring of three Alaska Heritage Resource Survey (AHRS) sites for signs of disturbance related to Red Dog Mine activities.

2005-16  Chuitna Coal Project Subsistence and Traditional Knowledge Environmental Baseline and Section 106 Report
(PacRim Coal). Under contract to PacRim Coal, LLC, SRB&A conducted cultural resources, subsistence and traditional knowledge portions of environmental baseline documentation in conjunction with the Chuitna Coal Project in the Beluga area, western Cook Inlet, Alaska. SRB&A conducted a literature review, archival review, consultation, and field surveys of proposed project components for Section 106 reports that included determinations of eligibility for cultural resources identified during surveys. SRB&A conducted a literature review as well as interviews in Tyonek and Beluga for the subsistence and traditional knowledge baseline reports.

2015       Hilcorp Kenai Pipeline Junction Expansion
(Hilcorp Alaska, LLC). At the request of Hilcorp Alaska, LLC, SRB&A conducted a review of known cultural resources data to determine if a proposed expansion of an existing pipeline junction would affect any cultural resources. SRB&A’s review of site data, gray literature, remote-sensed data, historic aerial imagery, and indigenous place names did not reveal any cultural resources that could be expected to be impacted by the proposed expansion.

2015       Ice Wine Seismic Project
(SAExploration, Inc.). Under contract to SAE, SRB&A conducted cultural resources research and fieldwork for regulatory compliance with the Alaska Historic Preservation Act and North Slope Borough Title 19 in support of a 3D and 2D seismic data acquisition project over approximately 420 square miles.

2014-15      Deep Draft Arctic Port System Environmental Impact Statement
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). Under subcontract to Tetra Tech, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence portion of this environmental impact statement.

2014-15      Section 106 support for Cellular Communications Towers
(GCI Communication Corporation & New Horizons Telecom, Inc.). Under contract to GCI and New Horizons Telecom, Inc., SRB&A provided Section 106 support for 13 proposed and existing cellular communication tower sites, including initiating Section 106 consultation through the Federal Communication Commission’s (FCC) online Tower Construction Notification System, conducting field visits to proposed tower sites, literature review, and completing and filing FCC submission packets for review and concurrence by the State Historic Preservation Office.

2014-15      Blossom and Preacher Pad Cultural Resource Surveys
(Hilcorp Alaska, LLC). Under contract to Hilcorp Alaska, LLC, SRB&A conducted a review of Hilcorp’s proposed project alignments to identify any cultural resources present within the footprints of proposed ground disturbance. SRB&A staff coordinated with Hilcorp to define the area of potential effect and conduct the surveys concurrently with other environmental reviews.

2014      Kenai Gas Field Cultural Resources Report
(Hilcorp Alaska, LLC). Under contract to Hilcorp Alaska, LLC, SRB&A conducted a Section 106 literature review of known cultural resources within and near a proposed pad expansion in support of Hilcorp’s permit application to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. SRB&A’s report examined previous cultural resource surveys, indigenous place names, and environmental data to reach a determination of “no historic properties affected” for the proposed pad expansion.

2014      Aleknagik-Wood River Bridge Archaeological Services
(Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities). Under subcontract to Mowat Construction Company, SRB&A provided cultural resources oversight for the construction phase of the project by flagging an archaeological site buffer to protect the site from disturbance during bridge construction.

2013-14 Umingmak Big Bend 3D Cultural Resources Literature Review
(SAExploration, Inc.). Under contract to SAExploration, Inc., SRB&A conducted a literature review of known cultural resource sites within the boundaries of SAExploration’s seismic project and provided a series of avoidance protocols and recommendations that resulted in a finding of “no historic properties affected” for the project.

2004-14  Pebble Project Environmental Baseline
(Pebble Limited Partnership). Under contract to Pebble Limited Partnership, SRB&A is responsible for the cultural resources, traditional knowledge, and subsistence portions of the environmental baseline for this possible mining project in the Iliamna, Alaska area. For cultural resources, SRB&A conducted archival and literature review, cultural resource interviews in communities located in the vicinity of the proposed mine, cultural resources field surveys in the mine site and port areas and in other areas where ground disturbing activities may occur. SRB&A conducted subsistence interviews in 20 Bristol Bay communities, including Koliganek, New Stuyahok, Ekwok, Portage Creek, Igiugig, Levelock, Kokhanok, Iliamna, Newhalen, Nondalton, Port Alsworth, Pedro Bay, Lime Village, Naknek, South Naknek, King Salmon, Aleknagik, Clark’s Point, Manokotak, and Dillingham. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence is a subcontractor to SRB&A conducting their household surveys in the same communities excluding Ekwok and Portage Creek.

2013-14 Greater Moose’s Tooth-1 Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management [BLM]). Under contract to SLR International Corporation, SRB&A is responsible for the subsistence and cultural resource portions of this Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS).

2013-14  ENSTAR Service Agreement
(ENSTAR Natural Gas Company). Under contact to ENSTAR, SRB&A has conducted cultural resource literature reviews for natural gas distribution projects in addition to Section 106 cultural resources research using the FCC Nationwide Programmatic Agreement for telecommunication towers.

2013-14 Assessment of Pipeline Construction for Red Dog Mine
(Teck Alaska Incorporated).This project, based on both biological investigations and traditional knowledge, was to determine the effect an elevated pipeline between the mine and port sites parallel to the Delong Mountain Transportation System (DMTS) road could have on the migration path of the Western Arctic Caribou herd. Under contract to ABR, Inc., and based on a literature review, public meetings, and interviews, SRB&A was responsible for they traditional knowledge portion of the study. 

2007-14  Point Lay, Alaska Subsistence Mapping and Traditional Knowledge Interviews (North Slope Borough, Barrow, Alaska). SRB&A conducted subsistence mapping and traditional knowledge interviews in Point Lay, Alaska. Final report delivered to the North Slope Borough.

2012-14  Homer Pipeline Cultural Resources Investigations
(ENSTAR Natural Gas Company). Under contract to ENSTAR, SRB&A conducted NHPA Section 106 cultural resources research, surveying, and monitoring for the Anchor Point-Homer-Kachemak City portions of ENSTAR’s natural gas pipeline project.

2012-14 Iniskin Peninsula Cultural Resources Investigations
(Hilcorp Alaska, LLC). Under contract to Hilcorp Alaska, LLC, SRB&A conducted NHPA Section 106 cultural resources research and surveys associated with Hilcorp’s oil and gas exploration efforts on the Iniskin Peninsula.

2013      Cultural Resource Review of the Swanson River Discovery Well
(Hilcorp Alaska, LLC). Under contract to Hilcorp Alaska, LLC, SRB&A conducted a review of the Swanson River Discovery Well to determine its status as a cultural resource. SRB&A concluded that the site has been determined ineligible for the National Register of Historic Places, and furthermore that Hilcrop’s activities at the site do not require any mitigation measures.

2013      Anchor Point Seismic Cultural Resources Literature Review
(SAExploration, Inc,). Under contract to SAExploration, Inc., SRB&A conducted a literature review of known cultural resource sites within the boundaries of SAExploration’s seismic project and provided a series of avoidance protocols and recommendations that resulted in a finding of “no historic properties affected” for the project.

2012-13 Deep Creek Unit 3D Seismic Project Cultural Resources Investigations
(Hilcorp Alaska, LLC). Under contract to Hilcorp Alaska, LLC, SRB&A conducted aerial reconnaissance survey over Hilcorp’s proposed Deep Creek Unit 3D Seismic Project and advised Hilcorp on their Section 106 obligations related to their proposed project.

2011-13 Ambler Mining District Access Environmental Studies
(Alaska Energy Authority). Under contract to DOWL HKM, SRB&A conducted a subsistence and traditional knowledge data gap analysis related to 15 study communities within the vicinity of the Ambler Mining District Access Project.

2009-14  Impact Monitoring for Offshore Subsistence Hunting
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), formerly Minerals Management Service). Under contract to the BOEM, SRB&A conducted a three year project in Point Lay and Wainwright to monitor offshore hunting with hunters using GPS units to track hunting trips. SRB&A completed the 2010, 2011, and 2012 fieldwork and submitted the final report to BOEM.

2009-14  Mitigation Monitoring of Oil Industry Operation in the Vicinity of Nuiqsut
(BOEM). Under contract to the BOEM, SRB&A conducted a project associated with seven oil and gas development projects near Nuiqsut, Alaska to document proposed and implemented mitigation in the vicinity of Nuiqsut and to evaluate mitigation effectiveness related to subsistence hunting activities.

2011-13  Foothills West Access Environmental Impact Statement
(US Army Corps of Engineers and Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities). Under contract to AECOM, SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources and subsistence portions of this EIS.

2009-13  Foothills West Transportation Access Project
(Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities). Under contract to Three Parameters Plus, Inc., SRB&A conducted cultural resources and subsistence baseline studies for this proposed road from the Dalton Highway to Umiat. SRB&A conducted cultural resources fieldwork in 2010 and 2012 for three alternative routes and submitted the reports. SRB&A also conducted subsistence fieldwork in Anaktuvuk Pass, Barrow, and Nuiqsut, and SRB&A submitted the subsistence report.

2011-13 Greens Creek Mine Tailings Disposal Facility Expansion
(United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service). Under contract to Tetra Tech Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources and subsistence portions of this EIS.

2010-13  Cook Inlet Tidal Energy Pilot Project
(Ocean Renewable Power Company). Under contract to Ocean Renewable Power Company, SRB&A provided desktop Section 106 cultural resources support for this tidal energy project.

2012      Tiekel River Hydroelectric Reconnaissance Study – Cultural Resources
(Copper Valley Electric Association). Under contract to MWH Americas, SRB&A conducted a cultural resources literature review to identify previously documented cultural resources in the project study area.

2011-12      Alaska Pipeline Project 
(TransCanada Alaska Company, LLC and Foothills Pipe Lines, Ltd and ExxonMobil). Under contract to URS, SRB&A conducted literature, map, and archival review of subsistence data available for the communities of Alatna, Allakaket, Alcan Border, Anaktuvuk Pass, Barrow, Beaver, Bettles, Chisana, Chistochina, Chitina, Coldfoot, Copper Center, Delta Junction, Dot Lake, Dry Creek, Evansville, Fairbanks, Fort Yukon, Gakona, Glennallen, Gulkana, Healy, Healy Lake, Kaktovik, Kenny Lake, Livengood, Manley Hot Springs, Mentasta Lake, Minto, Nabesna, Nenana, Nolan, Northway, Nuiqsut, Paxson, Prudhoe Bay, Rampart, Slana, Stevens Village, Tanacross, Tanana, Tetlin, Tok, Tonsina and Wiseman.

In addition, SRB&A researched and wrote ethnographies for four regions (North Slope, Yukon River, Tanana River, and Copper River) and conducted traditional and local knowledge workshops in 12 communities (Anaktuvuk Pass, Kaktovik, Nuiqsut, Stevens Village, Evansville, Rampart, Alatna, Allakaket, Dot Lake, Healy Lake, Mentasta, and Chistochina) and prepared a local and traditional knowledge report.

2011-12 Quantification of Subsistence and Cultural Need for Bowhead Whales by Alaska Eskimos - 2011 Update Based on 2010 U.S. Census Data
(Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission). Utilizing the method accepted by the International Whaling Commission (IWC) in 1988 for calculating need, this update presented revised calculations based on 2010 U.S. Census population data.

2009-12  Alaska Stand Alone Pipeline (ASAP) EIS
(Alaska District Corps of Engineers). Under contract to Entrix, SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources and subsistence portions of this EIS.

2009-12  Point Thomson Project EIS
(Alaska District Corps of Engineers). Under contract to HDR Alaska, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources sections of this EIS.

2011      Section 106 Report for the Red Pad Pipeline Project
(Union Oil Company of California). Under contract to McLane Consulting, Inc., SRB&A conducted a cultural resources survey and prepared a report for the Red Pad Pipeline Project on the Kenai Peninsula.

2011       Anchorage Airport Traffic Control Tower Cultural Resources Summary
(Federal Aviation Administration). Under contract to Sage Environmental LLC, SRB&A prepared a summary of documented cultural resources near the Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport Traffic Control Tower.

2011       Summary of Marine Subsistence Uses, Barrow and Wainwright
(Pew Environmental Group, Pew Charitable Trusts). Under contract to Pew Charitable Trusts, SRB&A prepared a summary of marine subsistence uses, with maps, for Barrow and Wainwright Alaska.

2011       Subsistence Use Area Maps for the Chukchi Sea and Beaufort Sea
(ASRC Energy Services Alaska, Inc.). SRB&A prepared subsistence use area maps for the Chukchi and Beaufort seas.

2010-11  Cordova-Valdez Undersea Fiber Cable Project
(U.S.D.A Rural Utilities Service). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom, SRB&A conducted Section 106 cultural resources research and report preparation for a fiber optic cable from Cordova to Valdez.

2010-11  United Utilities, Inc. Cultural Resources Survey
(United Utilities, Inc.). Under contract to United Utilities, Inc. SRB&A conducted a literature and archival review, field surveys and prepared a Section 106 report for a Kwethluk telecommunication tower facility.

2010-11  Fairview Loop Rehabilitation Project
(Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities). Under contract to R&M Consultants, Inc., SRB&A conducted cultural resources investigation for this project, including literature and archival review, field surveys, including the built environment, and prepared a cultural resource survey report.

2010-11  Traditional Knowledge for Chukchi and Beaufort Seas Exploration General NPDES Permit Reissuance
(Environmental Protection Agency). Under contract to Tetra Tech, Inc., SRB&A conducted TEK literature review and conducted TEK workshops in Point Lay, Barrow, Nuiqsut, and Kaktovik to address the linkages between offshore oil and gas development in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas and Iñupiat subsistence uses and traditional knowledge.

2009-11  Economic Value of Subsistence Activity Little Diomede, Alaska
(Alaska District Corps of Engineers). Under contract to Tetra Tech, Inc., SRB&A was part of a team who developed a subsistence evaluation framework for the Corps to use in future projects to help evaluate the economic and social benefits of subsistence activities in rural communities. SRB&A conducted fieldwork in Little Diomede and Wales and gathered information on the costs of subsistence production.

2010       Aircell Communication Towers in Southeast Alaska
(Federal Communications Commission). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom, SRB&A conducted Section 106 cultural resources research, field survey, and report preparation using the FCC Nationwide Programmatic Agreement Form 620 for telecommunication towers in Kake, Yakutat, and Cordova.

2007-11  The Relationship Between the Native Village of Tyonek, Alaska and Beluga Whale Subsistence Use
(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ). Under contract to NOAA, SRB&A conducted ethnographic, archival, and field research to document Tyonek’s interactions and cultural relationship with beluga whales over time. SRB&A submitted the final report.

2007-11  Alaska Railroad Corporation Port MacKenzie Rail Extension Project EIS
(Surface Transportation Board). Under subcontract to ICF International, SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources and subsistence portion of this EIS, including selected Section 106 cultural resources surveys along corridor alternatives.

2009-10  Anchor Point Pipeline (APPL) Project
(Enstar Natural Gas Co.). Under contract to Enstar, SRB&A provided Section 106 cultural resource reviews for this project.

2002-10  Subsistence Mapping:  Nuiqsut, Kaktovik, and Barrow
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service [MMS]). Under contract to the MMS, SRB&A developed a geographic information system (GIS) and gathered data to enable geo-spatial description and analysis of modern subsistence resource use patterns for Barrow, Nuiqsut, and Kaktovik residents. SRB&A conducted 146 subsistence mapping interviews in these three communities, prepared the maps, and submitted the final report in 2010.

2009       Proposed Valdez to Cordova Undersea Fiber Optic Cable
(U.S.D.A Rural Utilities Service). Under contract to Mid-State Consultants, Inc., SRB&A researched and prepared a preliminary report of known cultural resources along a proposed fiber optic cable route from Valdez to Cordova.

2008-09  Cultural Resources Survey for a Proposed Realignment, Aleknagik Wood River Bridge and Road Project
(Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities). Under contract to R&M Consultants, Inc. SRB&A conducted a cultural resources survey of the proposed road alignment modifications and potential staging areas for the Aleknagik Wood River Bridge and Road Project located at Aleknagik, Alaska.

2007-09  Subsistence Use Areas and Traditional Knowledge Study for Kivalina and Noatak, Alaska
(Environmental Protection Agency). In association with the Red Dog Mine Aqqaluk Extension SEIS and under subcontract to Tetra Tech, Inc., SRB&A conducted subsistence mapping and traditional knowledge fieldwork in Kivalina and Noatak and prepared a supplemental report. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence was a subcontractor to SRB&A conducting their household surveys in Kivalina and Noatak.

2007-09  Red Dog Mine Aqqaluk Extension Supplemental EIS
(Environmental Protection Agency). Under subcontract to Tetra Tech, Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources portions of this Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS).

2006-09  Alaska Railroad Corporation Northern Rail Extension Project EIS
(Surface Transportation Board). Under subcontract to ICF International, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence portion of this EIS.

2005-09  Quantitative Study of the Cultural and Social Impacts to NPRA Subsistence Communities
(North Slope Borough, Barrow, Alaska). The purpose of this study was to document North Slope Borough residents' observations and perceptions of historical, current, and potential effects of oil industry activities on onshore and offshore hunting and to determine how oil and gas has affected hunters. Under contract to the North Slope Borough, SRB&A conducted 210 surveys in Barrow, Nuiqsut, Wainwright and Atqasuk and submitted the final report to the Borough.

2004-09  Environmental Variability, Bowhead Whale Distributions, and Iñupiat Subsistence Whaling
(National Science Foundation). SRB&A was part of a collaborative research team conducting field research in and near Barrow, Alaska investigating environmental variability, bowhead whale distributions, and Iñupiat subsistence whaling. SRB&A conducted traditional knowledge interviews associated with fall bowhead whale hunting at Barrow.

2004-09  Knik Arm Bridge Project
(Knik Arm Bridge and Toll Authority and Federal Highway Administration). Under contract to HDR Alaska, Inc., SRB&A prepared the Phase 1 report for cultural resources and subsistence. This brief document described the cultural resources and subsistence issues and concerns, data sources, data gaps, and suggested procedures to address data gaps associated with the proposed Knik Arm Bridge. SRB&A continued on Phase II of the project including cultural resource assessments for potentially affected areas, community consultation, and Section 106 and EIS preparation. SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources section of the EIS and conducted Section 106 surveys for the Mat Su, Government Hill, Ship Creek, and Elmendorf Air Force Base portions of project, including literature and archival research, field surveys, and consultation with the Knik Tribal Council and the Native Village of Eklutna.

1998-09  Synthesis of Information on Socioeconomic Effects of Oil and Gas Activities in Alaska
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service). Under contract to the MMS, SRB&A produced a single-volume, scientific reference book that synthesizes selected Alaska social and economic research findings related to the socioeconomic effects of oil gas activities in Alaska. Between 1975 and 2004, MMS through its Economic Studies Program (ESP), funded 176 technical and special social and economic reports. This book, comprised of 11 integrated chapters by independent authors, synthesizes and makes accessible this major body of research. The final report includes a DVD that contains the 176 MMS technical and special reports in searchable .pdf format. In addition to being a co-editor, Braund is co-author of the chapter addressing the sociocultural effects of oil and gas activities in Alaska and co-author of the chapter on subsistence and oil development on Alaska’s North Slope.

2008       South Central Gas Line Feasibility Study – Cultural Resources Preliminary Assessment
(CH2MHILL). CH2M HILL contracted with SRB&A to assess the cultural resource issues, describe state and federal regulatory requirements, and outline recommendations for approaches and the timing of tasks needed to satisfy applicable state and federal regulatory requirements related to a small diameter buried pipeline in southcentral Alaska.

2008       Cultural Resources Assessment – Eklutna Property Due Diligence Literature Review and Field Work
(CH2M Hill). SRB&A conducted a cultural resources literature review and field survey for due diligence work associated with a parcel of land near Eklutna.

2007-08  ACS SPANDEX Cable System Permit and ROW
(Alaska Communications System). Under contract to New Horizons Telecom, SRB&A conducted NHPA Section 106 cultural resources research, surveying, and monitoring for the Anchorage-Nikiski-Homer portion of ACS’s fiber optic cable installation.

2007-08  Cultural Resources Assessment – Eklutna Property Due Diligence Literature Review
(CH2M Hill). SRB&A conducted a cultural resources literature review for due diligence work associated with a parcel of land near Eklutna.

2007-08  Development of a Monitoring Implementation Plan for the NPR-A Fisheries Issue
(BLM). Under subcontract to ENTRIX, SRB&A provided subsistence information to this project.

2007-08  Cultural Resources Monitoring, Indian River Subdivision, Sitka, Alaska
(Baranof Island Housing Authority). Under contract to Dawson Construction, SRB&A conducted the cultural resources monitoring for this housing project.

2006-08  Yukon Flats Land Exchange EIS
(U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). Under subcontract to ENSR Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources portion of this Environmental Impact Statement (EIS).

2005-08  Makah Whale Hunt EIS
(National Marine Fisheries Service). Under contract to Parametrix, SRB&A prepared the environmental consequences section for the Ceremonial and Subsistence Resources section of this EIS.

2005-08  Subsistence and Cultural Need for Bowhead Whales by the Village of Point Lay, Alaska
(North Slope Borough, Barrow, Alaska). Based on a review of library and archival research and ethnographic fieldwork, SRB&A documented the bowhead whaling history of Point Lay, Alaska. The purpose of this research is to inform Point Lay’s request for a bowhead whale quota.

2007       Subsistence Use Areas and Traditional Knowledge Study for Beaver, Birch Creek, and Fort Yukon, Alaska
(U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service). In association with the Yukon Flats Land Exchange EIS, SRB&A conducted subsistence mapping and traditional knowledge fieldwork in Birch Creek, Beaver, and Fort Yukon and prepared a supplemental report.

2007       Prince William Sound Microwave Project
(USDA Rural Utility Service).  Under subcontract to Quality Services, Inc., SRB&A conducted a records search related to cultural resources in the vicinity of five proposed microwave sites in Prince William Sound.

2007       Birchwood Airport Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey
(FAA/DOT&PF). Under subcontract to HDR Alaska, Inc., SRB&A conducted a Section 106 cultural resources survey for the Birchwood Airport near Chugiak, Alaska.

2007       Fall Subsistence Fishery Monitoring on the Colville River
(Conoco Phillips Alaska, Inc.). Stephen Braund was co-Principal Investigator with Stephen Murphy of ABR, Inc. – Environmental Research & Services to develop and implement a stakeholder engagement plan in Nuiqsut and initiate monitoring of the fall subsistence fishery on the Colville River.

2007       Cultural Resources Monitoring Services at Elmendorf Air Force Base Borrow Sites
(U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration). Under contract to Integrated Concepts and Research Corporation (ICRC), SRB&A was responsible for the Section 106 cultural resources monitoring of the gravel extraction portion of the Port of Anchorage Intermodal Expansion Project through December 2007.

2006-07  United Utilities, Inc. Cultural Resources Survey
(United Utilities, Inc.). Under contract to United Utilities, Inc. SRB&A conducted a literature and archival review, conducted consultation and field surveys, and prepared Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act reports for the Nunam Iqua (Sheldon Point), Pilot Station, Russian Mission, Grayling, Anvik, Saint Mary’s, and Shageluk telecommunication facilities.

2006-07  Environmental, Social, and Health Impact Assessment for Exploratory Drilling, Beaufort Sea, Alaska
(Shell Exploration and Production Company). Under contract to ENSR, Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources portions of this report.

2004-07  Analysis in Variation in Abundance of Arctic Cisco in the Colville River:  Analysis of Pattern in Existing Data
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service). Under subcontract to ABR, Inc., SRB&A collaborated with the Kuukpik Subsistence Oversight Panel, Inc. to select a local panel of Nuiqsut Arctic cisco experts and conducted several meetings to ensure the project maximized the interpretation of local and traditional knowledge about Arctic cisco from area residents who use this fishery resource and are familiar with the local environment.

2006       Cultural Resources Assessment – Eklutna Property Due Diligence
(CH2M Hill). SRB&A conducted a cultural resources survey and monitoring of geotechnical pits for due diligence work.

2006       Alaska Department of Fish and Game Fairbanks Fish Hatchery EA (Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Services). Under subcontract to CH2M Hill, SRB&A conducted a literature and archive review and a survey of a proposed fish hatchery site, and SRB&A prepared the cultural resources portion of this EA as well as a Section 106 report.

2005-06  Cultural Resources Monitoring at Elmendorf Air Force Base
(U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration). Under contract to Integrated Concepts and Research Corporation (ICRC), SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources monitoring of the gravel extraction portion of the Port of Anchorage Intermodal Expansion Project through December 2006. SRB&A monitored construction activities, conducted cultural resources surveys in the area, conducted briefings with contractors, documented and evaluated significant cultural resource features identified during construction, conducted consultation, conducted archival research, and wrote associated Section 106 reports with determinations of eligibility for cultural resources identified prior to and during the 2006 field season.

2005-06  United Utilities, Inc. Cultural Resources Survey
(United Utilities, Inc.). Under contract to United Utilities, Inc. SRB&A prepared literature reviews, conducted consultation and field surveys, and wrote Section 106 reports for the Toksook Bay, Aniak, Chevak, Hooper Bay, Scammon Bay, St. Mary's, Marshall, Holy Cross, and Shageluk telecommunication facilities.

2004-06  Nelson Island Roads Environmental Assessment and Section 106
(Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Services).  Under subcontract to KAE, Inc., SRB&A conducted the cultural resources and subsistence portions of the environmental study associated with connecting four Nelson Island communities by road (Nightmute, Tununak, Umkumuit, and Tooksok Bay).  SRB&A conducted literature reviews, conducted consultation and field surveys, and prepared a Section 106 report for the proposed road, including a determination of eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) for cultural resources identified during the survey.

2005-06  Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Seismic Exploration of Selected Lease Areas in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea and Areas of Interest in the Chukchi Sea
(Shell Exploration and Production Company). Under contract to ENSR Corporation, SRB&A participated in the cultural resources and subsistence portions of this environmental assessment.

2005       Liberty Supplemental Environmental Report
(BP Exploration [Alaska] Inc.). SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources, sociocultural and subsistence portions of this supplemental baseline environmental report for BP's Liberty project.

2004-05  Traditional Ecological Knowledge for Cook Inlet Oil and Gas General NPDES Permit Environmental Assessment
(Environmental Protection Agency). Under contract to Tetra Tech, Inc., SRB&A conducted TEK workshops with Cook Inlet tribes (Seldovia, Nanwalek, Port Graham, Ninilchik, Kenaitze, and Eklutna) to address the linkages between offshore oil and gas development in Cook Inlet and tribal subsistence uses and traditional knowledge.

2004-05  Traditional Knowledge and Subsistence Use Study within the Cape Seppings and Rabbit Creek Area
(Northwest Arctic Borough). Through a literature review and interviews of residents in Kivalina, Noatak and Kotzebue, SRB&A documented traditional knowledge and current (last 10 years) subsistence use areas in the DeLong Mountain Terminal (DMT) Port area.

2003-05  Ring of Fire Resource Management Plan/EIS
(Bureau of Land Management). Under contract to URS Group, Inc., SRB&A prepared the EIS affected environment and environmental consequences for cultural resources and subsistence for the four Ring of Fire planning areas (southeast, southcentral, Kodiak, and the Alaska Peninsula – Aleutian Chain).

2004       Strategic Reconfiguration of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System at the Valdez Marine Terminal (VMT) Environmental Assessment
(Joint Pipeline Office, Bureau of Land Management). Under subcontract to ENSR, SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources and subsistence portions of this Environmental Assessment.

2004       Hooper Bay K-12 School Cultural Resources Survey
(Lower Yukon School District). Under contract to USKH, Inc., SRB&A conducted a literature review, consultation, and field surveys and prepared a Section 106 report for the Hooper Bay School.

2004       Unocal Archaeological Compliance: Happy Valley Beluga Pad
(Unocal). SRB&A conducted a literature review, consultation, and a field survey and prepared a Section 106 report for the Happy Valley Beluga pad on the Kenai Peninsula.

2004       Unocal Archaeological Compliance: Swanson River Pipeline Replacement Project
(Unocal). SRB&A conducted a literature review, consultation, and field surveys and prepared the Section 106 report for the Swanson River pipeline replacement on the Kenai Peninsula.

2004       United Utilities, Inc. Cultural Resources Survey
(United Utilities, Inc.). Under contract to United Utilities, Inc., SRB&A conducted a literature review, consultation, and field surveys and prepared a Section 106 report for Upper Kalskag, Tununak, Mekoryuk, Nightmute and Quinhagak telecommunication facilities.

2004       Unocal Archaeological Compliance: Stariski A Locality and Access Road and Happy Valley Middle Saddle Pad Road Access
(Unocal). SRB&A prepared the literature review, conducted the consultation and field surveys, and prepared the Section 106 archaeological compliance report for a pad and access route and an access route for exploration wells on the Kenai Peninsula.

2003-04  Amendment to the Northeast National Petroleum Reserve - Alaska Integrated Activity Plan/EIS
(Bureau of Land Management). Under subcontract to ENSR Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources portion of this North Slope IAP/EIS amendment.

2003       Kenai-Kachemak Pipeline LLC Archaeological Compliance: Happy Valley Extension of the Kenai-Kachemak Pipeline
(Unocal). SRB&A prepared the literature review, conducted consultation and a field survey, and prepared the Section 106 report for the 15 mile Happy Valley extension of the Kenai Kachemak gas pipeline near Ninilchik, Alaska. 

2003       Unocal Archaeological Compliance: Happy Valley and Crooked Creek Vicinity, Summer/Winter Exploration Program 2003-2004
(Unocal). SRB&A prepared the literature review, conducted consultation and field surveys, and prepared the Section 106 report for four proposed exploration wells near Ninilchik, Alaska associated with the Happy Valley and Crooked Creek Vicinity Summer/Winter Exploration Program 2003-2004.

2003       Unocal Archaeological Compliance: Happy Valley and Crooked Creek Vicinity, Red and Blue Proposed Pad Locations, Summer/Winter Exploration Program 2003-2004 (Unocal). SRB&A prepared the literature review, conducted consultation and field surveys, and prepared the Section 106 report for the two additional proposed Red and Blue exploration wells near Ninilchik, Alaska associated with the Happy Valley and Crooked Creek Vicinity Summer/Winter Exploration Program 2003-2004.

2002-04  Alpine Satellite Development Plan EIS
(Bureau of Land Management). Under subcontract to ENTRIX, Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence, traditional knowledge, and cultural resources portion of this North Slope EIS. In association with this EIS, SRB&A conducted fieldwork in Nuiqsut, Barrow, Atqasuk, and Anaktuvuk Pass documenting subsistence use areas.

2002-03  Puget Sound Harvest Resource Management Plan EA and EIS
(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). Under subcontract to the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, SRB&A was responsible for the treaty Indian ceremonial and subsistence salmon uses portion of this Pacific Northwest EA and EIS.

2002-03  Point Thomson Gas Cycling Project EIS
(Environmental Protection Agency) – project on hold. Under subcontract to CH2M Hill, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence, traditional knowledge, and cultural resources portion of this North Slope EIS. Associated with this EIS, SRB&A conducted fieldwork in Kaktovik documenting subsistence use areas in the project vicinity.

2002-03  Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve Vessel Quota and Operating Requirements Environmental Impact Statement 
(Glacier Bay National Park). Under subcontract to Ecology and Environment, Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the cultural resources portion of this EIS. 

2002-03  Traditional Land Use Survey Characterizations
(Air Force 611th Civil Engineer Squadron). Under contract to Environment and Natural Resources Institute (ENRI) University of Alaska Anchorage, SRB&A prepared demographic, socioeconomic and subsistence profiles of 45 neighboring communities located in the vicinity of 34 611th Air Support Group (611 ASG) sites.

2002       Proposed Subsistence Use Protections Plan for a Alaska Right-of-Way Lease Application
(Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System). Under contract to Oasis Environmental, SRB&A prepared a protection plan that outlined “plans and procedures to protect the interests of individuals living in the general area of the proposed right-of-way who rely on fish, wildlife and biotic resources of the area for subsistence purposes.” The Alaska portion of the proposed Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System (ANGTS) extends approximately 745 miles from Prudhoe Bay following along the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) to the vicinity of Delta Junction and then follows the Alaska Highway to the Canadian border

2002          Valdez Wastewater Outfall Project Section 106 Archaeological Compliance Report
(City of Valdez). Under contract to HDR Alaska, Inc. SRB&A conducted a literature and archive review, consultation, and a survey and prepared a Section 106 report for the Old Valdez Townsite.

2000-04  Sustainability of Arctic Communities:  Advancing the Science of Integrated Assessment
(National Science Foundation). This three-year multi-disciplinary project under the direction of the Institute of Social & Economic Research (UAA) was a continuation of the Arctic Sustainability Project (see below) that set out to examine how the combined effects of climate change, oil development, tourism, and non-local hunting might change the sustainability of Arctic villages in the range of the Porcupine Caribou Herd. Using a strong community involvement component, this project built on the previous work. The partner communities were Kaktovik, Aklavik, Fort McPherson, Old Crow and Arctic Village. This project added a marine component that explored key relationships between climate change and oil development and the successful access to bowhead and beluga whales. SRB&A was jointly responsible for this marine component in Barrow, Kaktovik, and Aklavik.

2000-03  Scientific Review Board - Arctic Nearshore Impact Monitoring In the Development Area (ANIMIDA).  Under an agreement with Arthur D. Little/Battelle, Braund was one of five members of the scientific review board for the MMS ANIMIDA project.

2000-02  Pogo Mine Project
(Environmental Protection Agency). Under subcontract to Michael Baker, Jr., Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources portions of an EIS associated with the development of the Pogo gold mine project located 38 miles northeast of Delta Junction Alaska.  In association with this project, SRB&A conducted field interviews on subsistence use areas and cultural resources that included workshops held with Athabaskan residents from Healy Lake, Delta Junction, Dot Lake, Fairbanks and Tanacross.  In addition to the EIS, SRB&A produced a baseline document addressing historical and contemporary subsistence uses of the Upper Tanana River Valley.

2000-02  Aleknagik Wood River Bridge Project
(Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities). Under subcontract to Harding ESE, SRB&A prepared the subsistence, socioeconomic, and cultural resources portions of an Environmental Assessment for a proposed bridge that would connect the community of Aleknagik which is located on two sides of Lake Aleknagik.  This project included socioeconomic, subsistence, and cultural resource fieldwork in Aleknagik.

2000-02  King Cove Access Project
(Aleutians East Borough). Under subcontract to Michael Baker, Jr., Inc., SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence and cultural resources portions of an EIS assessing the various King Cove alternatives to establish a year-round, reliable access route between King Cove and Cold Bay, Alaska.

2001       Unocal Archaeological Compliance:  Anchor Point Priority A, Deep Creek, South Ninilchik, Iliamna, and Cohoe
(Unocal). SRB&A conducted a literature review, consultation, and field surveys and prepared five Section 106 reports in conjunction with planning for three prospects on the Kenai Peninsula (Anchor Point A, Deep Creek, South Ninilchik [11 drill pad locations]) and one disposal well (Cohoe) as well as the Iliamna Prospect on the west side of Cook Inlet (four test drill pad locations).

2001       Determination of Eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places - The Turner House, Anchorage, Alaska
(Cook Inlet Housing Authority). Under contract to the Cook Inlet Housing Authority, SRB&A conducted a literature review, archival research, consultation, and field survey and prepared a Section 106 report that included a determination of eligibility for the NRHP.

2001       Unocal Archaeological Compliance:  Anchor Point Study Sites 1 & 2
(Unocal). SRB&A prepared the literature review, conducted consultations and field survey, and prepared the Section 106 report in conjunction with planning for two prospects on the Kenai Peninsula (Anchor Point Study Sites 1 and 2).

2001       United Utilities, Inc. Section 106 for Central Office Construction, Gambell, Alaska
(U.S. Department of Agriculture, Rural Utilities Service). Under contract to United Utilities, Inc. SRB&A conducted a literature review, consultation, and field survey and prepared the Section 106 report for the United Utilities, Inc. Central Office construction at Gambell, Alaska.

2001       Greens Creek Mine Stage II Tailings Expansion Environmental Impact Statement
(USDA Forest Service). Under subcontract to Michael Baker Jr., Inc., SRB&A prepared the Cultural Resources Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences for the Greens Creek EIS.

2001       Unocal Archaeological Compliance:  Dionne No. 1, Albright No. 1 and Pearl No. 1, Pretty Creek No. 4 Prospects
(Unocal). SRB&A prepared the literature review, conducted consultation and field survey, and prepared the Section 106 report in conjunction with planning for three prospects on the Kenai Peninsula (Dionne No. 1, Albright No. 1 and Pearl No. 1) and one prospect on the west side of Cook Inlet (Pretty Creek No. 1).

2000-01  Buckland, Alaska Water and Sewer Project - Section 106 Archaeology Compliance Report
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and City of Buckland). Under subcontract to URS Corporation, SRB&A conducted a literature review, consultation, and fieldwork and prepared the Section 106 report for the Buckland water and sewer project.

2000-01  Alaska North Slope LNG Environmental Evaluation
(Alaska North Slope LNG Project Sponsor Group). Under subcontract to Oasis Environmental, SRB&A conducted the cultural resources and archaeological portion of this environmental evaluation of a North Slope to Cook Inlet gas pipeline and LNG plant/marine terminal at Nikiski.  SRB&A provided the affected environment, analysis of alternatives and impacts, and mitigation measures for this project.

2000-01  Unocal Archaeological Compliance:  Ninilchik Native Association 1 & 2
(Unocal). SRB&A prepared the literature review; conducted field surveys and consultation; and prepared the Section 106 report in conjunction with planning for drilling exploratory wells in the vicinity of Deep Creek on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska.

2000          Per Capita Dollar Replacement Cost for Subsistence Foodstuffs in Shaktoolik and Inventory of Culturally Significant Subsistence Roles and Responsibilities of Iñupiat Household Males. 
(Private Client)

2000       DeLong Mountain Terminal Project Resource Use Areas
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineers [COE]). Under contract to the COE, SRB&A prepared ArcView GIS maps of partial Kivalina contemporary hunting and fishing areas and observed distribution/migration/feeding areas for selected marine and terrestrial species.  These maps also include terrestrial and bathymetric base map information.  This work was conducted in association with the data gathered for the 1998 Kivalina Subsistence and Traditional Knowledge Interviews (see below)

2000       Akutan and False Pass Subsistence Profiles
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). Under subcontract to ResourEcon, SRB&A prepared a brief description of False Pass and Akutan subsistence and assessed the effects of a proposed harbor on False Pass and Akutan subsistence activities.

2000          Assessment of the Subsistence Role of Selected Women in Northern Alaska
(Private Client). SRB&A prepared a description of the roles and responsibilities of Iñupiat women on the North Slope and assessed how selected woman fulfilled these roles and responsibilities.

1999       Pioneer Unit Preliminary Assessments and Archaeological Evaluations
(Unocal). Under subcontract to Oasis Environmental, SRB&A produced an archaeological compliance report based on a field assessment of petroleum test well locations in the vicinity of Big Lake, southcentral Alaska.

1999          Archaeological Permitting Analysis – Alaska North Slope Liquefied Natural Gas Alternatives
(ARCO Alaska). Under subcontract to Oasis Environmental, SRB&A assessed which permits (cultural resources) are required for several hypothetical alignment alternatives to construct and operate an LNG pipeline and associated facilities from the Alaska North Slope to either Valdez or several Cook Inlet locations.

1998-99  Summary of 1998 Subsistence and Traditional Knowledge Interviews - Kivalina, Alaska
(NANA Regional Corporation and Cominco Alaska Incorporated) – draft. SRB&A conducted a series of workshops in Kivalina, Alaska in October 1998 related to contemporary subsistence activities and traditional knowledge on selected resources and topics.

1998          Community-Based Commercial and Subsistence Fishing Potentially Affected by Fiber Optic Cable from Whittier to Shemya
(U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command). Under subcontract to Bristol Environmental Services, Inc., SRB&A provided a description of the communities potentially affected by the laying of a fiber optic cable between Whittier and Shemya Island and assessed the potential impacts to the marine subsistence harvesters and commercial fishers in those communities.

1995-00  Sustainability of Arctic Communities:  Interactions Between Global Changes, Public Policies & Ecological Processes
(National Science Foundation). This four-year project under the direction of the Institute of Social & Economic Research (UAA) and the Institute of Arctic Biology (UAF) addressed policy questions about the ability of Arctic human communities to sustain themselves in the face of development and global climate change. An interdisciplinary group focused on relationships between global changes in climate and development and changes in vegetation, caribou populations and movements, human use of caribou, wage employment, and perceived local control. The analysis region was northern Alaska and northwestern Canada with a focus on the Porcupine Caribou Herd range. SRB&A, along with a co-researcher, worked on the community involvement portion of the project.  Arctic Village in Alaska and Aklavik, Old Crow and Fort McPherson in Canada participated in the study. In addition, SRB&A was responsible for synthesizing existing GIS caribou harvest and distribution data from Alaska and Canada into ArcView to be used in community discussions.

1996-7    Beaufort Sea Oil and Gas Development/Northstar Project
(U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska). Under subcontract to Dames & Moore, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence, cultural resources, and marine mammals (with Dr. Sam Stoker as a subcontractor) portions of the Northstar EIS as well as co-contributor to the traditional knowledge sections. SRB&A reviewed the literature; prepared a description of the subsistence seasonal round, harvest by species, and use areas for Barrow, Nuiqsut, and Kaktovik; conducted fieldwork in Barrow and Nuiqsut; and assessed potential impacts to subsistence and cultural resources related to the Northstar Project.

1997       Economic Valuation of Subsistence Production for Families in Koyuk and Shaktoolik (Private Client). SRB&A prepared a seasonal round of subsistence activities, resources harvest lists, and prepared a subsistence valuation for Koyuk and Shaktoolik.

1997       Preliminary Description of Subsistence - Wainwright, Alaska
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineer-Alaska District, Civil Works Branch-Economics Section). SRB&A prepared a brief description of Wainwright subsistence including community history and population, role and importance of subsistence, seasonal round, subsistence harvest estimates and replacement costs related to the Wainwright Harbor Improvement Study.

1997       Quantification of Subsistence and Cultural Need for Bowhead Whales by Alaska Eskimos - 1997 Update Based on 1997 Alaska Department of Labor Data
(Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission). Utilizing the method accepted by the International Whaling Commission (IWC) in 1988 for calculating need and relied on in 1994 to determine the bowhead quota, this update presented revised calculations based on 1997 population data generated by the State of Alaska, Department of Labor.  The U.S. delegation reviewed this report for the IWC’s 49th annual meeting in Monte Carlo in 1997 in support of their landed bowhead quota request.

1997       Japanese Community-based Whaling Workshop
(The Institute of Cetacean Research, Tokyo). Stephen Braund attended a workshop in Tokyo related to the issues of community-based whaling in Japan.

1996-97  Archaeological Survey - Eureka Creek Drainage, South-Central Alaska
(American Copper & Nickel Company, Inc.). SRB&A performed a cultural resources investigation of the proposed geological drilling sites in the Eureka Creek drainage, south-central Alaska American Copper & Nickel Company, Inc. as part of their mineral exploration permit on Bureau of Land Management administered lands in the Glennallen Resource Area.  SRB&A prepared a Section 106 report and submitted it to the Bureau of Land Management.

1996-97  Chugach Electric Southern Intertie Project EIS Subsistence Report - Affected Environment
(Chugach Electric Association, Inc.). Under subcontract to Dames & Moore, SRB&A prepared a subsistence affected environment report for the communities of Ninilchik, Hope, and Cooper Landing.

1996       Subsistence Hunting of Gray Whales - Little Diomede, Alaska
(Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission, Barrow, Alaska) - draft. SRB&A conducted fieldwork at Little Diomede and library and archival research to provide information on the current and historic gray whale fishery on Little Diomede Island, Alaska.

1995-7    Mapping of Hunting Areas and Travel Routes Based on Interviews with a Selected Group of Subsistence Hunters at Barrow and Wainwright, Alaska
(North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management). Using GIS, SRB&A digitized and mapped data from over 75 interviews with hunters in Barrow and Wainwright concerning their hunting areas, harvests, camps and transportation routes (See North Slope Borough Subsistence Mapping Project). The data were prepared in GIS for presenting various visual displays of land and resource usage.

1995       Community Conference on Subsistence and the Oil Spill
(Alaska Department of Fish and Game [ADF&G], Division of Subsistence). Funded by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, SRB&A organized and facilitated this two-day conference attended by four representatives each from 20 communities.  SRB&A worked with an agenda committee of regional representatives, ADF&G staff and EVOS Trustee Council staff to develop a conference format that generated information exchange between residents of different regions, elders and youth, and residents and scientists.  SRB&A prepared a summary report of the conference.

1995-6    Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Beluga Whales:  An Indigenous Knowledge Pilot Project in the Chukchi and Northern Bering Seas
(Inuit Circumpolar Conference [ICC]). In conjunction with subcontractor Pacific GIS, SRB&A consulted with ICC on the data collection design and protocol.  Using GIS, SRB&A and Pacific GIS digitized and produced maps of traditional knowledge about beluga whale behavior and elements affecting their activity.

1995       Potential Economic Impacts of CDQ Options for Western Alaska Communities
(Bering Sea Fishermen’s Association). Under subcontract to ResourcEcon, SRB&A gathered published and unpublished census, subsistence and fisheries data and prepared detailed tables on the social and economic characteristics of 56 communities.

1994       Contemporary Alaska Eskimo Bowhead Whaling Villages
(in Hunting the Largest Animals - Native Whaling in the Western Arctic and Subarctic A.P. McCartney, ed. Occasional Publication No. 36, The Canadian Circumpolar Institute, University of Alberta). An overview of the 10 Alaska Eskimo bowhead whaling communities and their approaches to bowhead whaling, including a discussion about each community for comparison.

1994       Whittier Access Project Subsistence Technical Report
(Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities and Federal Highway Administration). Under subcontract to HDR Engineering, Inc., SRB&A reviewed the literature; prepared a description of the subsistence seasonal round, harvest by species, and use areas for Chenega Bay, Tatitlek, Cordova, Whittier, Hope and Cooper Landing; conducted fieldwork in Tatitlek and Chenega Bay; and assessed potential impacts to subsistence due to the Whittier Access Project.

1994       Archaeological Monitoring of the K-12 School Addition in Gambell, Alaska 1994
(Alaska Office of History and Archaeology). Under contract to Heery International, Inc., SRB&A monitored the excavations for the foundation of the K-12 addition to the Gambell school to determine the presence of cultural materials and human remains.  SRB&A prepared a report that was submitted to the Alaska Office of History and Archaeology.

1994       Quantification of Subsistence and Cultural Need for Bowhead Whales by Alaska Eskimos - 1994 Update Based on 1992 Alaska Department of Labor Data
(Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission).  Utilizing the method accepted by the IWC in 1988 for calculating need, this update presented revised calculations based on 1992 population data generated by the State of Alaska, Department of Labor.  The U.S. delegation and the IWC relied on this report at the IWC’s 46th annual meeting in Mexico in 1994 to determine the landed bowhead quota.

1992-6    Alternative Caribou Management Systems in the Arctic
(Man and the Biosphere Program, U.S. Department of State).  Under subcontract to the University of Alaska, Anchorage Institute of Social and Economic Research, SRB&A performed fieldwork and analysis in Alaska and Canada with resource managers and harvesters for this comparative study of caribou management systems in the two countries.  SRB&A interviewed (formal survey technique) 220 traditional caribou users in 11 Alaskan communities and 123 traditional users in four Canadian communities.  In addition, SRB&A interviewed 48 managers in both countries and participated in the data analysis and report preparation.

1993-4    Military Operations Area (MOA) in Alaska EIS
(U.S. Air Force). Under subcontract to Jon Isaacs & Associates, SRB&A provided secondary subsistence and socioeconomic information for 37 communities potentially affected by changes in 17 MOAs in Alaska.

1992-3    Communities’ Mitigation Strategies Project
(Prince William Sound Regional Citizen’s Advisory Council). This study was designed to facilitate the development of community and regional-based mitigation plans that address social, cultural, fiscal and economic concerns about future spills in Prince William Sound, Lower Cook Inlet, and Kodiak Island.  Under subcontract to the University of Alaska, Anchorage Institute of Social and Economic Research, SRB&A was responsible for local involvement in identifying impacts, mitigation planning, and response that may occur after a large oil spill.

1992-3    Qutekcak Native Tribe:  History and Continuity
(Mount Marathon Native Association). SRB&A conducted a literature and archival review and fieldwork to document the history of Native people in Seward, Alaska.

1992-3    Historical Properties Survey - Seward Highway:  MP 0 (Seward) to MP 36 (Sterling Highway Intersection)
(Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities). The purpose of this study was to provide information to enable the State Historic Preservation Officer to determine the eligibility of properties located along this portion of the Seward Highway for the NRHP.  The Section 106 report established an historic context and period of significance for the highway including Moose Pass and Seward, and then described and evaluated the properties under the NRHP criteria.

1992       Traditional Alaska Bowhead Whaling and the Bowhead Quota. Published in Arctic Research of the United States 6:37-42.

1992       The Continuity of the Valdez Native Population
(Valdez Native Association). SRB&A conducted a literature and archival review and fieldwork in Valdez to document the continuity of the Native population at Valdez.

1992       Quantification of Subsistence and Cultural Need for Bowhead Whales by Alaska Eskimos - 1992 Update Based on 1990 U.S. Census
(Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission, Barrow, Alaska). Utilizing the method accepted by the IWC in 1988 for calculating need, this update presented revised calculations based on 1990 U.S. Census population data.

1992       Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation System for Eielson AFB, Alaska (Yukon Measurement and Debriefing System)
(U.S. Air Force). Under subcontract to Jon Isaacs & Associates, SRB&A evaluated the archeological significance of 23 proposed sites and recommended procedures for compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA.

1992       Main Bay Hatchery Expansion Environmental Impact Statement
(Prince William Sound Aquaculture Corporation). Under subcontract to Dames & Moore, SRB&A assessed the subsistence effects of proposed hatchery expansion at Main Bay, Prince William Sound, Alaska.

1992       Major Flying Exercises -  Cope Thunder Environmental Assessment
(U.S. Air Force). Under subcontract to Jon Isaacs & Associates, SRB&A provided assistance in assessing the subsistence effects of proposed military training exercises in three airspace locations in Alaska.  Analysis of secondary source subsistence data and SRB&A experience in Alaska provided the basis for this analysis.

1992       Joint Military Training Exercises Environmental Impact Statement
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). Under subcontract to Dames & Moore, SRB&A assessed the subsistence effects of proposed military training exercises in 72 ground sites and 20 airspace locations throughout Alaska.  Analysis of secondary source subsistence data and SRB&A experience in Alaska provided the basis for this analysis.

1991       Subsistence and Cultural Need for Bowhead Whales by the Village of Little Diomede, Alaska
(Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission, Barrow, Alaska). SRB&A conducted fieldwork at Little Diomede and library and archival research to document the bowhead whaling history of Little Diomede Island.  The purpose of this research was to facilitate Diomede’s request for a bowhead whale quota.  Following the method used by SRB&A in 1988 to quantify subsistence and cultural need for bowhead whales by Alaska Eskimos in nine other communities (see below), this study quantifies Little Diomede’s cultural and subsistence need for bowhead whales.

1991       Saint Lawrence Island - The World of Women
(Vocational Economics, Inc.). SRB&A developed a methodology to identify and measure participation in the primary tasks performed by Eskimo women on Saint Lawrence Island.

1990-94  Effects of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill on Alutiiq Culture and People
(Cohen, Milstein, Hausfeld & Toll, Washington, D.C.). SRB&A conducted research in 15 communities located in Prince William Sound, Kodiak Islands, Lower Cook Inlet, and the Alaska Peninsula related to the effects of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound.

1990       Quantification of Local Need for Minke Whale Meat for the Ayukawa-Based Minke Whale Fishery
(Institute of Cetacean Research, Tokyo, Japan). Prepared with Junichi Takahashi, John A. Kruse, and Milton Freeman, this report was based on a survey of 922 randomly selected Japanese households in Oshika Township, Onagawa Township, and Ishinomaki City, a survey of all Japanese small-type coastal whaling boat owners, and surveys of other, non-overlapping places of use, such as local restaurants and inns.  The purpose of the study was to quantify the local human need for Ayukawa-based minke whale meat for culturally significant end uses.

1989-90  Economic Analysis of the S.S. Glacier Bay Oil Spill
(U.S. Department of Interior, Minerals Management Service). Under subcontract to Northern Economics and in association with Jon Isaacs & Associates and ResourcEcon, SRB&A participated in a study of the economic impacts of the 1987 SS Glacier Bay oil spill in Cook Inlet, Alaska to commercial, personal use, subsistence, and sport fisheries as well as to commercial fish processors, tourism, recreation, and property values.  SRB&A was primarily responsible for collecting and analyzing information regarding the spill’s impact to the subsistence and personal use fisheries in Cook Inlet as well as contributing to the overall data collection, literature review and report production.

1988-92  North Slope Borough Subsistence Mapping Project
(North Slope Borough Departments of Planning, Fish and Wildlife, and Administration). The North Slope Borough provided supplemental support for data gathering and analysis for the MMS North Slope Subsistence Study being conducted by SRB&A.  In addition to the MMS scope of work (see below), SRB&A also conducted a supplemental subsistence use area mapping study in Barrow and Wainwright involving key informant hunters.  The purpose of this additional mapping project was to provide information about the harvest areas used by Barrow and Wainwright residents not included in the MMS sample.  Specifically, the mapping portion of the project focused on current use areas and seasonal transportation routes in relation to fixed camps, current harvest sites, and traditional use areas.

1989       Contemporary Sociocultural Characteristics of Japanese Small-Type Coastal Whaling
(Institute of Cetacean Research, Tokyo, Japan). Prepared with Milton Freeman and Masami Iwasaki, this paper is intended to provide relevant information to an IWC working group related to the sociocultural characteristics of Japanese STCW in order to aid this group in making recommendations concerning the need for a distinct category appropriate to small-type whaling.

1987-88  Quantification of Subsistence and Cultural Need for Bowhead Whales by Alaska Eskimos
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs). Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the IWC in Auckland, New Zealand, this study determined the 1988 level of cultural and subsistence need for bowhead whales by Alaska Eskimos based on historic bowhead harvest levels and Eskimo populations in nine Alaska whaling villages.  Based on the total number of whales landed from 1910-1969 divided by the total Eskimo population for years in which there were data on landed whales (including years of recorded zero landings) multiplied by the 1988 Eskimo population, the 1989 cultural need in the nine Alaska Eskimo whaling villages was 41 landed whales.  The report includes an estimate of future need based on a projection of the Alaska Eskimo population in these communities to the year 2020.  The report also contains a comprehensive appendix of “Data on Shore-Based Bowhead Whaling at Sites in Alaska” by S.R. Braund, W.M. Marquette, and J.R. Bockstoce.

1988       Small-Type Coastal Whaling in Japan
(Fund to Promote International Educational Exchange). Braund participated with eleven other social scientists from the USA, Canada, England, Australia, Norway, and Japan in an international workshop on small-type coastal whaling in Japan during April 1988.  The goals of the workshop were to document the social, economic, and cultural significance of small-type coastal whaling in Japanese whaling communities.  For this report, Braund conducted fieldwork in the Japanese whaling communities of Abashiri, Wadaura, Ayukawa, and Taiji.

1986-93  North Slope Subsistence Study
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service).  SRB&A was contracted by the MMS to collect, analyze, and report generalizable community subsistence harvest and location data for Barrow and Wainwright.  An SRB&A field coordinator who lived in the communities directed local research assistants in collecting harvest data from a stratified, random sample of community households in Barrow and a census of Wainwright households.  The final report includes yearly summaries of harvest data (amounts and location) as well as sociocultural and socioeconomic information.  Maps were prepared for both communities displaying harvest location data for all important species or species groups.  Dr. Sam Stoker (biologist), Dr. Ernest S. Burch, Jr. (anthropologist), and Dr. Jack Kruse (survey research) provided technical assistance to the project in their respective areas of expertise.  Data collection continued for three years in Barrow (April 1, 1987 through March 31, 1990) and two years in Wainwright (April 1, 1988 through March 31, 1990).

1987       Lisburne Offshore Development Project EIS
(U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Arco Alaska). Under subcontract to Dames & Moore, SRB&A assessed the sociocultural and subsistence effects of the proposed Lisburne Causeway on the Eskimo communities of the Beaufort Sea.  The analysis focused on the North Slope communities of Barrow, Nuiqsut and Kaktovik but included cursory analysis of subsistence use by Canadian communities in the Mackenzie River system.  Through analysis of secondary source baseline data, potential sociocultural and subsistence impacts were assessed.

1986-88  National Medical Expenditure Survey
(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). SRB&A was subcontracted by Westat, Inc. of Rockville, MD to perform the Alaska portion of this nationwide survey.  The study, entitled the National Medical Expenditures Survey, consists of two parts:  the Survey of American Indians and Alaska Natives (SAIAN) and the survey of non-Native Americans.  The SAIAN portion of the study will provide the first national estimates of the health care needs and the use of health care services by the population served by the Indian Health Service.  SRB&A was responsible for the three round panel survey of 150 Alaska Native households over a 15 month period in the Bethel and Skagway-Yakutat-Angoon census districts.

1986       Survey of Valdez Resident Attitudes
(City of Valdez). SRB&A joined with Bennett-Walter Associates and Dale Walberg to administer a telephone questionnaire survey of 500 Valdez residents.  Faced with declining revenues, the City of Valdez was seeking to determine through this survey attitudes toward public services, funding levels for those services, and various economic development options.  Perceptions of community change and quality of life were also explored.  SRB&A directed the telephone interviews, supervising the team of locally-hired interviewers from a temporary field office in Valdez.

1985-86  Aleutian/Pribilof Islands Sociocultural and Socioeconomic Systems Update
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service). The objectives of this study were to update information on current conditions and trends of change in the social, cultural, and economic structure and organization of the St. George Basin area.  SRB&A conducted fieldwork in the Pribilof Islands and in Akutan in the Aleutian Islands on social organization, values and ideology of the local residents, subsistence activities, ties between the cash and subsistence economies, and economic organization, including the role of commercial fisheries to the regional economy and economic ties to centers outside the study area, and effects of the discontinuance of Federal Fur Seal Harvest Subsidies.

1985       Use Inventory for Selected Alaskan Streams
(Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation). The purpose of this study was to analyze stream use, water quality, and placer mining activity on Birch Creek, the Tolovana and Chatanika rivers, and Peters Creek and to discuss possible planning measures that will minimize conflicts between placer mining and other uses of the watersheds.  Under subcontract to Dames & Moore, SRB&A assessed subsistence uses of Birch Creek by residents of Birch Creek Village, Circle, and Fort Yukon and summarized data on mining and recreational use of Birch Creek.

1984-86  Effects of Renewable Resource Harvest Disruptions on Community Socioeconomic and Sociocultural Systems: King Cove
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service).  Given OCS activities in the St. George Basin and the potential disturbances posed to the marine environment, communities in the Aleutian/Pribilof Islands region could experience disruptions in the availability of local resources.  The purpose of this study was to assess the sociocultural and socioeconomic effects on the community of King Cove of renewable resource harvest disruptions.  Towards this end, SRB&A undertook a thorough literature review, approximately six person-months of fieldwork in King Cove, and prepared a comprehensive ethnography of the community.  This ethnography includes a history of King Cove as well as a general profile of the contemporary community (including commercial fishing, subsistence activities, wage employment, social relations, political structure, religion, education and values).  The ethnographic baseline was used to measure potential impacts resulting from several different disruption scenarios.

1985       Western Arctic Coal Development Project
(Alaska Native Foundation and the Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs). The purpose of this study was to assess the viability of utilizing the coal resources of the western arctic region as a substitute for fuel oil for all communities located on the west coast of Alaska.  Under subcontract to Arctic Slope Consulting Engineers, SRB&A provided the village socioeconomic impact analysis by assessing the impact of both coal development and coal utilization in Point Lay and coal utilization in Kivalina.

1984-85  Diamond Chuitna Coal Project EIS
(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Diamond Alaska Coal Company). Under subcontract to Dames & Moore, SRB&A assessed the socioeconomic and sociocultural effects of development of the Beluga coal fields on the community of Tyonek, Alaska.  Based on a literature review and field interviews, this study documented current patterns of subsistence resource use, economic conditions (including commercial fishing, subsistence, and wage economies), social conditions, local political structures, and local attitudes towards development of the coal deposits.  SRB&A used this baseline information to assess potential impacts on the community in each of these categories.

1984-85  A Social Indicators System for OCS Impact Monitoring
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service). This study provided the MMS with a more thorough understanding of the present state of community well-being in village Alaska, with special attention given to the areas of social, economic, and cultural change that may result from OCS development.  Both universal and culturally specific social goals and associated indicators or measures of those goals were identified and field validated in approximately 15 communities in the Aleutian/Pribilof Islands region, the Bering Strait region, and the NANA region.  The study team (including SRB&A with the Institute of Social and Economic Research of the University of Alaska and Institute of Social Research of the University of Michigan) developed a methodology that will aid the MMS in implementation of a social indicators monitoring system.

1985       Susitna Hydroelectric Project Resource User Survey
(Harza-Ebasco Susitna Joint Venture). Under subcontract to the University of Alaska, Institute of Social and Economic Research, SRB&A participated in the research and survey design and performed the field surveys in the Matanuska-Susitna Valley.  The purpose of the study was to obtain comprehensive information about the extent, type, and value of use of natural resources of the Susitna River Basin, particularly by residents of the Susitna River Basin, Railbelt communities, and communities east of the resource area.  SRB&A conducted fieldwork in rural and remote areas along the Parks, Glenn, Richardson, and Alaska highways as well as more inaccessible areas.

1984       Case Studies of Three Past State Land Offerings
(Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Land and Water Management). This report documented the type, date and rate of changes that occurred in three selected State land offering areas in Southcentral Alaska (Denali Lake, Hiline Lake, and the Talkeetna Paper Subdivision). For each study area lot ownership information and a chronological history of land settlement was presented. Based on interviews with 95 past and present land owners and field visits to each of the three study areas, both owners’ perceptions of changes as well as observed changes were discussed. The report included an analysis of changes in use patterns, physical changes (i.e., construction of cabins and/or trails, cutting of firewood, and changes in erosion, water quality, wildlife abundance) and social and attitudinal changes (i.e., attitudes towards various forms of development in the area, conflicts, and whether land owners’ expectations were met). The report concluded with a summary of the differences and similarities between the study areas.

1984       Bering Sea Facility Siting Project
(Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs). Under subcontract to Dames & Moore, Stephen Braund conducted a series of field visits to Kotzebue, Nome, Unalakleet, and Bethel to conduct a two-way information exchange with coastal management districts, municipal governments, tribal councils, village corporations, regional profit and nonprofit corporations, and other interested village residents. SRB&A presented information related to potential resource development in the Bering Sea area as well as a description of existing regulatory processes (state and federal) that influence facility siting.  In addition, SRB&A gathered information from local representatives on the shortcomings of the existing regulatory processes and suggestions to improve public participation and local control over facility siting decisions.

1984       Assessment of Cumulative Impacts of Petroleum Development on the Alaskan Arctic
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service). Under subcontract to Maynard and Partch, SRB&A reviewed different methods used to forecast sociocultural impacts in Alaska.  The project included an overview of previous Socioeconomic Studies Program efforts to forecast sociocultural change, as well as an annotated bibliography of recent sociocultural and socioeconomic baseline and forecast documents.  Selected forecasting methods were outlined and their applicability to cumulative North Slope impacts was considered.

1983-84  An Evaluation of the Effects on Subsistence of a Proposed Land Trade in Cape Krusenstern National Monument
(NANA Regional Corporation). This report was prepared to comply with Section 810 of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) related to a proposed land trade in Cape Krusenstern National Monument and its effect on local subsistence patterns.

1983-84  Subsistence Economics, Marine Resource Use Patterns, and Potential OCS Impacts for Chukchi Sea Communities
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service and U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA). Based on the subsistence portion of the Barrow Arch studies prepared by SRB&A and the Barrow Arch Synthesis Human Resource Use Workshop, this paper:  1) described the contemporary subsistence economies of Point Hope, Point Lay, Wainwright, Atqasuk and Barrow, including how employment, cash, and technologically advanced harvest equipment has altered the seasonal round of North Slope residents; 2) presented maps and descriptions of major marine subsistence use areas for each community; and 3) described potential OCS impacts on current marine subsistence use patterns.

1983       Barrow Arch Socioeconomic and Sociocultural Description
(U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service). Under subcontract to Alaska Consultants, Inc., SRB&A analyzed the subsistence economy and contemporary subsistence land use patterns, including subsistence land use mapping for Point Hope, Point Lay, Atqasuk, and Barrow. This analysis was based primarily on fieldwork in the North Slope communities during the summer of 1983. Subsistence mapping and discussion concentrated on the marine environment and identified hunting range by species, intensive use areas, and hunting seasons by species. During the fieldwork, SRB&A also collected data on social organization, cultural values, and political organization.

1983       Village Economies of the Lower Yukon
(Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs/Nunam Kitlutsisti). The purposes of this study were a description and model of how the economy of the seven Lower Yukon River villages functioned and a discussion of how OCS development would affect the communities. Under subcontract to Frank Orth and Associates, SRB&A was responsible for the subsistence portion of the village economies (including a valuation of subsistence harvests) and conducted fieldwork in St. Marys, Pitkas Point, Mountain Village, Emmonak, Alakanuk, Kotlik, and Sheldon Point.

1983       Report on Nutritional, Subsistence, and Cultural Needs Relating to the Catch of Bowhead Whales by Alaskan Natives
(U.S. Department of the Interior). Stephen R. Braund was principal author (with assistance from Sam Stoker) of the U.S. Government position paper for the 34th Annual Meeting of the IWC.  This report addressed the importance of the bowhead whale in both the Alaska Eskimo culture and as a subsistence food resource.  Alternative food resources, both store-bought meats as well as other natural resources, were also analyzed.  The cultural need for bowhead whales was discussed in terms of village population trends, the number of whaling crews, and hunting efficiency (struck and lost ratio).  Finally, the paper quantified the current cultural need for subsistence bowhead whales based on the historic catch per crew (1960-1983) and per capita returns as adjusted by whaling participation per village.

1982-83  Subsistence Study of the Nine Alaska Eskimo Bowhead Whaling Villages
(U.S. Department of the Interior). Under subcontract to Alaska Consultants, Inc., Stephen Braund served as Principal Investigator for this study. The objectives of this research were 1) to examine and describe the importance of Bowhead whaling to the Alaskan Eskimo culture and 2) to examine the potential for, and limitations to, the substitution of other Native and non-Native foods for the Bowhead whale. Data were primarily collected by means of a survey of 370 households in the communities of Kaktovik, Nuiqsut, Barrow, Wainwright, Point Hope, Kivalina, Wales, Savoonga, and Gambell.

1983       Economic Strategies Plan for the Pribilof Islands
(City of St. Paul). Based on previous research and experience on the Pribilof Islands as well as additional fieldwork during February 1983, Stephen Braund provided information of the human environment related to the various economic strategies available to local residents.  This work was performed under subcontract to Dames & Moore.

1982       Kivalina and Noatak Subsistence Use Patterns - 1982
(Cominco Alaska). This study identified and described current subsistence patterns in Kivalina and Noatak that could potentially be influenced by the development of the Red Dog Mining Project. Specific emphasis was placed on Kivalina’s 1982 subsistence harvest and use of Arctic Char.  In addition, caribou and sea mammal use was also discussed.

1982       Social and Recreational Impacts of Capital Relocation
(State of Alaska New Capital Site Planning Commission). Under subcontract to Frank Orth & Associates, this analysis addressed the potential social and recreational impacts resulting from relocating the state capital to Willow, Alaska.

1981-82  Susitna Hydroelectric Project - Sociocultural Studies
(Alaska Power Authority). Under subcontract to Acres American, Inc., this study focused on baseline information, potential sociocultural impacts, and residents’ priorities related to access roads, construction camps, and policy alternatives of the proposed economic growth and the ability of different communities to accommodate change. Braund conducted fieldwork in Talkeetna, Trapper Creek, Curry, Chase, Gold Creek, Cantwell, and McKinley related to this study.

1981-82  Bristol Bay Regional Power Plan - Sociocultural Study
(Alaska Power Authority). Based on fieldwork in 18 Bristol Bay communities and Braund’s knowledge of the region, this report documented local community preferences, attitudes and concerns related to various power generation and transmission alternatives for the region, existing land use as well as subsistence patterns and potential conflicts with the project(s), preliminary socioeconomic information, and preliminary potential project impacts. This phase of the study, performed under subcontract to Dames & Moore, was designed to assist Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. and the Alaska Power Authority to identify the best alternative to provide power in the region.

1981       St. Paul and St. George Harbor Feasibility Studies - Sociocultural Analysis
(Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities). Performed under subcontract to Dames & Moore, this study included baseline data as well as impact analysis related to the proposed port and harbor facilities on the two islands. Items addressed included local Aleut subsistence activities, local development of commercial fishing and onshore processing, anxiety related to potential transient fishermen and workers, the goals of the village corporations, and residents’ priorities and concerns related to the potential disruption of their unique Aleut lifestyle caused by the withdrawal of NMFS and potential harbor impacts. Braund conducted fieldwork on both St. Paul and St. George for this study.

1981       Cenaliulriit Coastal Management Program - Socioeconomic Inventory and Analysis
(Cenaliulriit Coastal Management District). Under subcontract to Policy Analysts, Ltd. (Dr. Rick Ender), Stephen Braund performed fieldwork and analysis related to village economies, subsistence, employment, and buying patterns in southwest Alaska.  Braund conducted fieldwork on Nelson Island, Alakanuk, and Napakiak related to the coastal zone management plan for the region.

1980-81  Bristol Bay Sociocultural Systems Analysis
(U.S. BLM/OCS Socioeconomic Studies Program). Stephen Braund conducted fieldwork in twelve Bristol Bay communities related to land use and ownership patterns, analysis of political organizations and interrelationships, subsistence, and resident’s attitudes towards potential OCS oil and gas development in the region. Braund conducted informal interviews with local residents, federal and state agency officials in the area and in Anchorage, Native corporation personnel, as well as local and regional political leaders. In addition to agency regulations, the associated literature review included an analysis of numerous relevant congressional acts, government policy decisions, the implementation of ANCSA, and several lawsuits.

1980-81  Cook Inlet Subsistence Salmon Study
(Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence). This project included an analysis of the regulatory history of the fishery (1960-1980), residents’ attitudes towards these changes and current conditions, identification of user groups, and a general description of the Cook Inlet fishery since statehood. People in the Mat-Su Valley, Anchorage, and throughout the Kenai Peninsula were interviewed.

1979       Lower Cook Inlet Sociocultural Analysis
(U.S. BLM/OCS Socioeconomic Studies Program). This contract with BLM resulted in a baseline of Cook Inlet communities (including historic, social, economic, political, and land related analyses) as well as projections for a base case and low, medium, and high oil development scenarios. Stephen Braund conducted fieldwork in the Cook Inlet area (Tyonek, Kenai, Ninilchik, Homer, Seldovia, Port Graham, and English Bay) and interviewed knowledgeable people, including local residents, agency personnel, and Native leaders. In addition to a comprehensive literature review, informal interviews, which helped determine residents’ attitudes toward both their existing way of life and potential development, was a major method used in this study.

1979       Bering-Norton Socioeconomic Systems Analysis
(U.S. BLM/OCS Socioeconomic Studies Program). Under subcontract to Policy Analysts, Ltd., Stephen Braund provided the land and housing analyses for Nome and Kotzebue. The report included baseline, base case projections, as well as low, medium, and high oil development scenarios. Braund conducted fieldwork in both these communities, interviewing local residents.

1978       The Social and Economic Impacts of a Commercial Herring Fishery on the Coastal Villages of the Arctic/Yukon/Kuskokwim Area
(North Pacific Fishery Management Council). Through library research and fieldwork in 20 villages, Stephen Braund assessed the historic and present subsistence techniques; harvest levels; and relative nutritional, economic, and social importance of herring to the local residents of the Bering Sea Coast. Braund performed this work under subcontract to Dames & Moore.